Wild Bergamot Seeds - Monarda fistulosa

3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

USDA Zones 3-9 - Wild Bergamot (Monarda fistulosa) is a durable perennial that thrives across a wide range of climates. It's a best performer in Zones 4-8, where it reliably returns each year and forms dense, beautiful colonies.

Northern Zones (3-5) - In colder climates, plant in full sun to ensure the soil warms sufficiently. Adding a layer of mulch in late fall can help protect the plant's roots from harsh winter freezes.

Hot Climate Zones (8-9) - In warmer, drier areas, partial shade is ideal to protect the plant from intense afternoon sun. While drought tolerant once established, providing occasional water during extended dry spells will promote better flowering and health.

Soil Temperature - For best germination, seeds should be sown when soil temperatures are consistently above 60 F. While they can germinate at cooler temperatures, warmer soil leads to quicker and more uniform sprouting.

Growing Season - This plant's bloom time is typically from mid-summer to early fall, providing a long period of color and a valuable nectar source for pollinators.

Learn more about USDA Hardiness Zones here

Soil Preparation

Site Selection: Choose a location with full to partial sun. While it can tolerate some shade, more sun means more flowers.

Soil Type: Wild Bergamot is not picky about soil and can handle a variety of types, including clay, loam, and sand. It prefers well-draining soil but can handle periods of moisture.

Weed Control: Clear the planting area of weeds and debris. Loosen the top 2-3 inches of soil with a rake or hand trowel to create a fine, crumbly surface.

Sowing Seeds

Direct Sowing (Recommended): After your last frost date, once soil temperatures are reliably above 60 F, sow seeds directly on the soil surface.

Light Requirement: Wild Bergamot seeds need light to germinate, so do not cover them with soil.

Spacing: Scatter seeds lightly over the prepared area. If you want a more controlled look, space seeds about 12-18 inches apart.

Watering: Gently water the area with a fine mist or a watering can with a diffuser to avoid washing away the seeds. Keep the soil consistently moist until seedlings emerge. Germination can take anywhere from 10-40 days.

Thinning: Once seedlings are a few inches tall, thin them to their desired spacing (18-24 inches apart) to ensure proper air circulation and growth.

Indoor Starting (Optional)

Timing: Start seeds indoors 6-8 weeks before your last expected frost.

Seed Trays: Use a clean seed starting tray or pots filled with a sterile, well-draining seed starting mix.

Planting: Sow seeds on the surface of the soil mix. Do not cover, as they need light to germinate.

Moisture and Light: Place the tray in a warm, sunny location or under a grow light. Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged.

Transplanting: Once seedlings are a few inches tall and have developed true leaves, gradually acclimate them to outdoor conditions over a week before transplanting them to your garden after the last frost.

Ongoing Care

Watering: Once established, Wild Bergamot is very drought-tolerant and rarely needs watering.

Pest and Disease: The plant is generally resistant to pests. Powdery mildew can sometimes be an issue, especially in humid conditions or with poor air circulation. Ensure proper spacing and consider watering the base of the plant, not the leaves, to help prevent this.

Dividing: To manage its spread and to rejuvenate older plants, you can divide the plant's clumps in early spring or fall.